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Bytes & B-Tree's

System Design Roadmap

Bytes & B-trees is a weekly newsletter for software engineers who want to understand databases from first principles — storage physics to distributed consensus. One production concept per issue, with working SQL scripts and demos in the GitHub vault.

Platform
Substack
PricingFreemiumPublishesTwice weekly
Issues16Founded2 months agoLast Issue9 days ago
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Latest Issues

Issue #011: NULL and Three-Valued Logic: The SQL Traps That Cost You Silently

A payments company ran a daily reconciliation query for eight months before anyone noticed it was wrong.

A payments company ran a daily reconciliation query for eight months before anyone noticed it was wrong. The query aggregated transact...

9 days ago
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The Vault — What’s inside the private GitHub repository

When you upgrade to a paid subscription, you’re added to the bytes-and-btrees-labs GitHub organisation within a few minutes. You’ll see every repository listed below — past and future — with full read access.

The vault grows by 3–4 a...

12 days ago

Start Here — What Bytes & B-trees is and how to get the most out of it

Welcome. This newsletter is a structured 3-year curriculum on how databases actually work — not how to use them, but how they’re built, why they make the decisions they make, and what happens inside the engine when your queries run.

Ev...

13 days ago

Issue #010: SQL and Relational Algebra — the formal foundation behind every query you've ever written

SQL looks like English. Underneath it is mathematics. Understanding the math is what separates engineers who write queries from engineers

A senior engineer at a fintech company spent two days debugging a reporting discrepancy. Their query...

16 days ago
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Issue #009: Isolation levels visualised — from dirty reads to serialisable anomalies

Consider a banking application running a nightly report that sums all account balances.

Consider a banking application running a nightly report that sums all account balances. The report runs as a single long read transaction. While it run...

23 days ago
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