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未定论 | Unsettled

Unsettled

在荒诞中,坚持判断

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Latest Issues

1991年“反和平演变”的高层决策

编者按:对中国政治稍有了解的人,都对“反对和平演变”这样的话语并不陌生。

1989年的天安门屠杀之后,高层政治中的保守派势力卷土重来。而随之而来的东欧剧变以及苏联的猝然解体,使得中共的领导人不由得感到不寒而栗。他们不仅恐惧天安门事件卷土重来,更担心的是八十年代的经济改革以及配合其进行的政治体制改革,是否会使得中国变成第二个苏联?1976年之后,见证了毛时代的极权主义体制的中共领导人,一方面不得不部分接受毛打造的社会控制体系以及意识形态话语,另外一方面则小心翼翼地与西方试探,...

5 days ago
5
1

一个国家级贫困县,如何跌入债务暴雷的陷阱?——作为“无限责任公司”的中国地方政府

编者按

一个财政收入刚过10亿元的国家级贫困县,累积债务超过400亿——放在任何一家企业身上,这都是早已破产清算的数字。但独山县不是孤例,而是中国地方债问题的冰山一角。

关于地方债,市面上不缺渲染“40万亿天量”“灰犀牛暴雷”的惊呼,但我们仍然需要追问:为什么地方政府有动力拼命借钱?为什么明知还不起,金融机构仍放心放贷?本文给出了一个政治经济学的完整答案——地区竞争提供了动机,“无限责任公司”的特殊身份提供了信用,不受制约的一把手权力提供了决断,政企合谋则打通了最后一环。...

8 days ago
6

“软预算约束的困境”:土地财政走到尽头,地方政府的“苦日子”才刚刚开始?

编者按:

如果只用一个词来解释过去二十多年中国城市的扩张、房价的飙升和地方债务的堆积,土地财政肯定是绕不开的答案。在今天这个中国经济大萧条的时代,人人都知道它已经破产,现在是该回顾一下的时候了。

本文节选自聂辉华《基层中国的运行逻辑》著作的一节(经出版社同意转载),试图回答三个问题:土地财政从哪里来,造成了什么后果,以及出路。

出路部分诊断精彩、药方潦草。作者可能是有意为之,但你觉得呢,还有救吗?


上一节我讲了招商引资,在招商引资过程中,政府为了吸引企业...

10 days ago
4

小组治国与定于一尊:中共组织改革的内在逻辑

2012年11月,中共第十八次全国代表大会召开,新一任中共中央总书记当选。当时很少有人预见到,这次大会的意义将远远超出一次例行的五年换届。五年后的十九大报告宣布,中国进入了 “新时代” 。此后的种种迹象表明,这一判断并非虚言。领导人宣传的规格与频度显著提高,官方文件和新闻通稿中领袖名字的出现频率远超前任;在对最高当局的描述中, “领导核心” 逐渐取代了上一代人更熟悉的 “领导集体” 。与此同时,社会力量的活动空间持续收缩:2015年针对律师群体的 “709” 大规模抓捕、新冠...

12 days ago
17

“你不是女性,没资格替我们说话”——然后呢?

2017年1月21日,那是个寒冷的冬日,一腔热血的美国人却如潮水般涌上首都华盛顿的街头,目的是抗议前一天刚刚宣誓就职的美国新任总统特朗普。因为他出言不逊,冒犯女性。这场轰轰烈烈的女权主义运动是美国历史上最大规模的社会运动,创下了单日游行人数最多的历史记录,史称“华盛顿妇女游行”(The Women’s March on Washington)。

这场女权主义运动的宗旨是,女权是人权(“women’s rights are human rights”)。它原本足以团结全体女性...

14 days ago
2

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